The question that now needs to be answered is: “Can GDF15 potentially be utilized as an additional parameter for the evaluation of LD to prevent unfavorable outcomes after KD due to early stage kidney disease not manifested by renal function or underestimated cardiovascular morbidity?” In particular, the strong response of GDF15 after KTx, and also LD, provides a rationale to prospectively assess its value in both settings. The gene discussed is GDF15; the disease is kidney disorder.