Furthermore, the proliferation of MiaPaCa-2 pancreas cancer cells (Husain et al., 2011), PC-3 prostate cancer cells (IC50: 32 μM, 24 h), and dRLh-84 hepatic cancer cells (IC50: 80–100 μM, 24 h) was suppressed by γ-T3, most likely via cleavage of PARP-1, and caspases 3, 7, 8, and 9 (Sakai et al., 2004; Yap et al., 2008) and induction of autophagy (Jiang et al., 2012). Here, PARP1 is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.