Type II diabetes is characterized by the amyloid accumulation of the peptide hormone islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), while AD and PD are characterized by the accumulation of the amyloid beta (Aβ) and alpha synuclein (α-syn) peptides, respectively (Eisenberg and Jucker, 2012). The gene discussed is IAPP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.