Several HALs with known oncogenic functions have been detected in patient-derived exosomes, including H19 in serum from patients with bladder cancer [159], HOTAIR in urinary exosomes from patients with urothelial bladder cancer [156], UCA1 in serum from bladder cancer patients [137], and HIF1A-AS2 in patients with endometriosis [133]. This evidence concerns the gene HOTAIR and urinary bladder cancer.