In order to form a clearer picture of the participation of GAPDH in pathological states, we divided the pathologies associated with the enzyme function into several groups (Table 1): (I) pathologies associated with pro-apoptotic GAPDH activity; (II) pathologies associated with impaired function of GAPDH; (III) pro-survival activity of GAPDH in cancer cells. The gene discussed is GAPDH; the disease is cancer.