In univariate analysis (Table 5) the risk factors for 5y survival in all patients with HCC were preoperative total bilirubin level >1.5 mg/dl (P = 0.03), serum AFP level >400 ng/ml (P = 0.02), macrovascular invasion (P = 0.02), TTV > 65.5 cm3 (P = 0.02), pathological tumor grades III&IV (P = 0.4), microvascular invasion (P = 0.01), postoperative hepatic decompensation (P = 0.01). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is neoplasm.