Throughout the years, although eIF5A2 is considered more to be related to cancer development and as a potential biomarker, however, we want to emphasize that besides acting as a translation initiation/elongation factor, there is also evidence that eIF5A1 is implicated in certain human diseases, including diabetes, several human cancer types, viral infections, and diseases of neural system. The gene discussed is EIF5A; the disease is viral infectious disease.