ADAR and Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome: Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is an inflammatory disorder, most typically affecting brain, characterized by the dysregulation of type I IFN levels due to mutation in several factors like TREX1 (DNA sensing pathways 3′repair exonuclease) that plays a critical role in restricting the amount of endogenous DNA in the cytosol, and ADAR1 (adenosine deaminase), acting on RNA sensing pathway [78].