A paper-based ELISA (P-ELISA) has previously been used to successfully detect proteins such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as noncollagenous 16A (NC16A) autoimmune antibody toward diagnosis of various diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, bullous pemphigoid and Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection [7,8,9,10]. Here, VEGFA is linked to infection.