IFNB1 and breast carcinoma: Recently, Vanpouille-Box et al. demonstrated that ablative hypo-fractionated radiation (such as three rounds of 8 Gy) inhibited DNA exonuclease TREX1 and activated cGAS-STING axis, thereby leading to IFN-β production by tumor cells that stimulate immune activation in different colorectal carcinoma and breast cancer cell lines [59].