STAT3 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: This inactivation of STAT3/NF-κB was coupled to suppression of upstream kinases i.e., janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2), c-Src, TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), and inhibitor of IκB kinase (IKK) in HNSCC cells.