Moreover, MSC-derived exosomes alleviate colitis in vivo by inhibiting expression of IL-7 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mouse colonic macrophages [105], thus limiting the production of nitric oxide and the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and increasing IL-10 secretion [105,109]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and colitis.