In the current study, seven alpha-type subunits (PSMA1, PSMA2, PSMA3, PSMA4, PSMA5, PSMA6, and PSMA7) and four beta-type subunits (PSMB1, PSMB2, PSMB3, and PSMB4) of the core 20S proteasome were predicted to be potential sites for acetylation and were overexpressed in unilateral varicocele compared to bilateral. The gene discussed is PSMA5; the disease is varicocele.