Three independent studies in different tumours (prostate, breast and lung) reported very similar findings, linking the tumour-suppressing effect of CFTR to its normal role in repressing the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), a central protein in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix degradation, invasiveness and metastasis during cancer development [18,169]. The gene discussed is PLAU; the disease is neoplasm.