In line with these observations, data from human and animal models suggest that intervention strategies proven to increase mean and maximal lifespan, such as single-gene manipulation (e.g., growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH/IGF-1) axis) and pharmacological and nutritional interventions (e.g., metformin, rapamycin, and CR) are useful in ameliorating age-related AT dysfunction [4, 25]. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is ataxia telangiectasia.