MAPT and dementia: Genomic defects (Table 1), epigenetic aberrations, cerebrovascular dysfunction, and multiple environmental factors are the major risk factors that precipitate pathogenic cascades leading to the clinical phenotype of dementia which is characterized by progressive cognitive deterioration, behavioral changes, functional decline, and classical neuropathological hallmarks (extracellular Aβ deposition in senile plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles with hyperphosphorylated tau, dendritic desarborization, and neuronal loss) [1,2,3,4,5,6].