ESR1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To explore the underlying mechanisms why ERα is associated with a worse prognosis of NSCLC, we first performed immunofluorescence assay and IHC staining to test the subcellular location of ERα, which shows that ERα can be mainly stained in the nuclei with relatively weak cytosol staining in NSCLC cells (Figs. S1B, S2).