SPTB and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Correlatively, sTBAs were increased from 4.8 ± 5.3 μM in all subjects to 11.6 ± 24.1 (p = 1.3 × 10−6) and 12.0 ± 20.7 μM (p = 3.0 × 10−16) in subjects with sPTB and iPTB among the NAFLD patients (Supplementary Fig. 3a, b).