Interestingly, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients with the Leu412Phe polymorphism in TLR3 (associated with attenuated IRF3 signaling [71]) had accelerated lung function decline, suggesting cross-species conservation of TLR3’s role in regulating fibrosis [19]. The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.