HIF1A and Sepsis: Using our VILI model in mice after LPS challenge, our objectives were to investigate the effects of LMWH on (1) HIF-1α expression associated with the development of lung injury during MV; (2) oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine production and endotoxin-augmented lung injury; (3) HIF-1α signaling in the VILI with sepsis; and (4) HIF-1α signaling in apoptosis of bronchial epithelia with sepsis.