ACE and heart failure: In the multivariate regression, age, gender, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, AF as a main diagnosis, type of AF, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, coronary artery disease, prior myocardial infarction, valvular AF, stroke/TIA, dementia, COPD, tobacco use, β blocker, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, calcium channel blocker, digoxin, anticoagulant, statin, and diuretic were entered with backward stepwise method.