We found that the ATAAT haplotype (built with five SNPs in the TrkB gene) was associated with a lower risk of schizophrenia for men but that the GTAGCG haplotype (build with five of the analysed SNPs TrkB and rs6265 BDNF SNP) was connected with a lower risk of schizophrenia for women. Here, BDNF is linked to schizophrenia.