As PKD1 activation and increased PKD1 phosphorylation is observed in the hypertrophic heart from mice that have undergone tac surgery and as PKD plays an important role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy as shown via inhibition of hypertrophy in isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes from Wistar rats with PKD deletion (Zhao et al., 2017, 2019), we used human HCM tissues to validate how important is PKD in human heart failure with hypertrophy. Here, PKD1 is linked to heart failure.