MBTPS1 and Autoimmunity: It has been shown that S1P participates in a vast range of pathological conditions such as cancer, autoimmunity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes (Proia and Hla, 2015), and recent studies have also indicated a key role of S1P in neurodegeneration (Chakrabarti et al., 2016; Karunakaran and van Echten-Deckert, 2017).