Logistic regression analysis showed that when plasma PCSK9 was >267.60 ng/ml, the risk of developing hypercholesterolemia was significantly increased in PNS patients [odds ratio (OR) = 6.40, 95% CI 2.06–19.87, p = 0.001] (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and familial hypercholesterolemia.