TNF and neurodegenerative disease: Apoptosis can be induced by a number of factors such as reactive oxygen species, UV, and ionizing radiation, pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor TNF, interferon IFN), slight temperature changes, medication, the course of degenerative diseases (AIDS, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease), and infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis [5,8,9,10,11,12].