TGFB1 and neoplasm: In addition, non-clinical study of lenvatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), showed that the inhibition of VEGF activity reduced TAMs and Tregs in the tumor microenvironment, leading to a decrease in TGF-β and IL-10, a decreased expression of T cell exhaustion markers such as PD-1 and TIM-3, and an increased expression of immunostimulatory cytokines such as IL-12 [28,29,30,31].