TGFB1 and colitis: In our study model, we observed decreased expression of TGF-β1 in colonic tissues (significant p-value < 0.01 at the pre-DSS stage and <0.05 at the colitis stage) and also plasma levels of TGF-β1 (significant p-value < 0.01 at the colitis stage and <0.05 at the recovery stage) in SOCS2−/− mice compared to wild-type littermates (Figure 3D–E).