In these malignancies, overexpression of CREB is associated with aberrant signal transduction caused by the deregulated expression of downstream genes that control the hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune surveillance, and metabolism, and the generation of tumor stem cells, which lead to the initiation and progression of tumors (Fig. 2). This evidence concerns the gene CREB1 and cancer.