This study has the following main findings: (1) endometriomas are related to lower ovarian reserve when compared with dermoid cysts before surgery; (2) there is a negative correlation between endometrioma size and serum AMH and AFC levels; (3) laparoscopic stripping has destructive effects on serum AMH levels and operated side AFC levels after surgery for both patients with endometrioma and dermoid cysts; and (4) laparoscopic excision of endometrioma has more destructive effects on ovarian reserve than dermoid cysts. Here, AMH is linked to dermoid cyst.