TGF-β1 stimulus also promoted the nuclear protein complexes of phospho-SMAD3/MUC1-CT and act-β-catenin/MUC1-CT in primary lung fibroblast from IPF patients, as showed by immunoprecipitation (Figure 4A–4C) and con-focal immunofluorescence (Figure 4D, 4E). The gene discussed is SMAD3; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.