Among boys, neither ferritin—the WHO recommended indicator to assess iron status in populations (WHOa, 2017)—nor iron deficiency defined by ferritin varied by anaemia status in bivariate analyses; however, sTfR was associated with anaemia in both bivariate and multivariable analyses, suggesting that iron may have some contribution to anaemia burden among adolescent boys in Nepal. The gene discussed is TFRC; the disease is anemia.