There were no statistical differences in sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, use of lipid-lowering drugs, history of CVD, duration of type 2 diabetes, BMI, WC, waist–hip ratio (WHR), FBG, postprandial blood glucose (PBG), fasting insulin, fasting C peptide, 2 h insulin, 2 h C peptide, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, BUN, Scr, serum uric acid, eGFR, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C between the two groups (all P > 0.05, Table 1). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.