Other possible reasons to explain why SM-164, but not BV6 therapy, inhibited BC metastasis in vivo in our study are that the concentration of SM-164 that killed MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro was 30-fold lower than BV6 (Fig. 4A), and SM-164 prevented TRAF3 degradation in OB and OC progenitor cells more effectively than BV6 (Supplementary Fig. 3). This evidence concerns the gene TRAF3 and breast cancer.