The demonstration that this pro-inflammatory axis is also involved in human NALD/NASH evolution and the detailed understanding of the activation of this ATP/P2X7 receptor/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway could offer the possibility to disclosure the NASH pathophysiology, thus possibly leading to the pharmacological targeting of the specific components of this signaling pathway, mainly the P2X7 receptor or its downstream effectors to modulate the pathophysiological events characterizing the NAFLD spectrum of disease that is reaching epidemic characteristics worldwide. The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.