For example, BRAF mutations impair antigen presentation in tumor cells (Bradley et al., 2015; Frederick et al., 2013), modulate expression of PD‐L1 immune checkpoint molecule (Zeng et al., 2016), and increase production of cytokines that reprogram tumor‐associated fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells to exhibit immunosuppressive properties (Khalili et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and neoplasm.