DDIT3 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: CHOP (also known as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 153/GADD153 or Ddit3) was selected based on our earlier work in which we reported that CHOP siRNA decreased cell death in alveolar epithelial cells and improved alveolarization in 2 different murine models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (Choo-Wing et al., 2013).