Interestingly, several reports have shown that tumours harbouring PTEN deficiency are more likely to present with an increased M2 macrophage cell density.22,94–96 The presence of M2 macrophages in tumours is linked to favourable growth and invasive tumour features through the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines and the inhibition of antigen presentation and cytolytic cell activation and growth.97 Here, PTEN is linked to neoplasm.