In prostate cancer, PTEN also binds and promotes the degradation of the DNA-binding factor chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1 (CHD1); PTEN deficiency leads to CHD1 protein stabilisation, which then engages the H3K4me3 epigenetic mark to activate transcription of downstream pro-tumorigenic and pro-inflammatory tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) gene networks.41 NF-κB is a complex transcription system governing a diverse set of response genes mediating inflammatory and stress responses. Here, PTEN is linked to prostate carcinoma.