VAPA and cancer: Next, we conducted a proteomic analysis between IBUC_CL and NIBUC_CL for the discovery of candidate biomarkers related to cancer invasion and identified 677 DEPs and aforementioned proteins in LBC proteomics, including ATP1B1, CLTC, GRHL2, KPNA3, LDHB, LLGL2, MSN, MVP, NCAM2, PARP4, PPA2, and VAPA (Figure 2C, Table S8).