The downregulation of SPINK1 as well as metallothionein was observed in patients with high DDX3X. The data shown in Figure 2D further suggest the lack of SPINK1 as an upstream stimulus in RCC patients harboring high DDX3X levels, despite the upregulation of receptors including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R). The gene discussed is SPINK1; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.