Deiminated histone H3 is commonly used as an indicator for neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) [31,244], which has been related to PAD4 and implicated in anti-viral responses in cattle respiratory syncytial virus disease [42], in response to parasitic infections in cattle [245,246,247] as well as in response to certain antibiotics [248]. The gene discussed is PADI4; the disease is parasitic infectious disease.