The primary viral trigger behind the mobilized Nrf2/ARE pathway has been shown to be virus-induced oxidative stress as in the case of IAV [107], HIV [106], HSV-1 [110], Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) [111], DENV [101], SVCV [103], and HBV [112] infections. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and infection.