FGF23 and acute kidney injury: reported that the change of plasma FGF23 concentrations at 24 hours after cardiac bypass surgery was associated with the severity of renal injury, whose sensitivity was 100%, and specificity was 97.1% suggesting that FGF23 could have a role as an early biomarker of AKI and predicts adverse outcomes among patients with established AKI (Shaker et al., 2018; Volovelsky et al., 2018).