This is based on several impressive efficacy results of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in clinical trials in NSCLC that have led to the approval of nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab [12–15] first in advanced therapy lines and later in the first-line setting (mono-immunotherapy for PD-L1 ≥ 50% or regardless of PD-L1 tumor expression in combination with a combination chemotherapy) [16, 17]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.