BMP4 and endothelial dysfunction: It needs to be mentioned that BMP4 acts as inflammatory cytokine in systemic arteries promoting endothelial activation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherogenesis (Chang et al., 2007; Csiszar, Labinskyy, Jo, Ballabh, & Ungvari, 2008; Helbing et al., 2017; Miriyala et al., 2006).