The presence of GAD antibodies should alert the physician to the increased risk of progression; however, it should be noted that depending on the assay 2.5% to 5% of patients will be GAD positive by chance with this result being a “false positive.” The other parameters reflect a more rapid progression in patients who develop diabetes younger, who are usually more obese and more insulin resistant with adverse lipids. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.