Some of the patients treated with PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy show hyperprogressive disease, characterized by an unexpected drastic acceleration in tumor growth after the initiation of the therapy with fatal consequences (Champiat et al., 2017; Kato et al., 2017; Saada-Bouzid et al., 2017; Champiat et al., 2018; Ferrara et al., 2018; Zuazo et al., 2018; Kim et al., 2019). Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.