In addition, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have revealed decreased volumes of the hippocampus, pallidum, nucleus accumbens, brainstem and cerebellum in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis (Finke et al., 2017; Miller et al., 2017; Szots et al., 2017). The gene discussed is LGI1; the disease is viral encephalitis.