At the molecular level, we found that compared to CH group, mRNA expression of both α-Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA) and Collagen Type I Alpha 2 Chain (Col1A2), the fibrosis related genes, was significantly elevated in HF (α-SMA, 3.3 ± 0.8; Col1A2, 2.4 ± 0.7) and HFHC groups (α-SMA, 6.6 ± 2.7; Col1A2, 2.0 ± 1.0) (p < 0.05) (Fig. 3G), while this upregulation was ameliorated by Rebaudioside A (α-SMA, 2.5 ± 0.4, p < 0.05 compared to HFHC; Col1A2, 1.3 ± 0.1). Here, ACTA1 is linked to hydrops fetalis.