In the MM BM-ME, MSCs can upregulate both XIAP and Survivin in MM and other tumors [72,73,74,75,76] through the stimulation of NF-κB signaling [66,77], downregulation of the Survivin-targeting microRNA miRNA-101-3p [74] or through NOTCH signaling [78,79,80,81]. Here, XIAP is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.